Authors Start local with your book promotion

Writers Start nearby with your book advancement Start Local With Your Books - An Interview With Hattie Edmonds â€Å"Start local†. This is more than straightforward sound counsel, it’s nearly kind of a way of thinking. While we were formerly composing on the Reedsy blog about how web was annihilating regional rights and limits, these clearly still exist partially. â€Å"Starting local† essentially involves recognizing this fact.The capacity to meet individuals up close and personal or plunk down for an espresso with them implies your conversation will be longer recollected. The simple reality of offering an area to somebody makes a typical intrigue, or even empathy.Author distributing has been made conceivable by Amazon, an organization that made a path for writers to (nearly) straightforwardly approach a large number of perusers over the world, at practically no expense. Kobo has additionally demanded this vein, offering their Kobo Writing Life writers appropriation in more than 150 nations. As Joanna Penn here and there puts it: â€Å"the world is our market†.How ever, the progression between â€Å"having access to a large number of readers† and â€Å"actually coming to them† is a colossal one. One that can be abbreviated a great deal, however, in the event that those perusers are near you. Truly. This is the entire significance behind â€Å"starting local†.Today, we’re talking with Hattie Edmonds, a West London writer, who figured out how to welcome her city hall leader to her first book dispatch, and have Waterstones toss her a subsequent one. She thoroughly understands making the neighborhood approach work for discoverability.An simple one to complete: what has been the most compensating second in this entire adventure?Probably the call from the supervisor at Waterstones, who rang me six days after I had squeezed the book into her hand, saying that she adored it and that Waterstones might want to give me an entire window show just as a subsequent dispatch. I was almost debilitated with excitement!Thank you for your time, Hattie!What do youâ personallyâ think about the â€Å"local approach†? Has it worked for you, or do you incline toward focusing on discoverability channels with a more extensive objective market? Do tells us your musings in the remarks underneath!

Stress and Coping

The psychosocial hypothesis of stress and adapting is absolutely critical to understanding consideration and recuperation. It has been discovered that in addition to other things, stress can influence the pace of wound recuperating, helplessness to irresistible ailments, and the turn of events and movement of malignancy (Walker et al, 2007). The attendant assumes a fundamental job in the administration and mitigation of patients’ stress, and can give significant systems to help during the time spent adapting to the stressor. Stress is an idea, not a reality, and is best depicted by utilizing a hypothetical model (Walker et al, 2007). One of these models is the Lazarus and Folkman’s value-based model of pressure and adapting. It recommends that pressure can be decreased by mediations that make the individual ponder the stressor, or that a person’s view of their capacity to adapt to the stressor can be changed (Glanze et al, 2008). In the content to follow, it will show how nursing care has profited by the utilization of this hypothetical model, and how specific nursing care mediations can help change patients’ point of view of specific stressors, and their capacity to adapt to the stressor. The whole family, not simply the patient encounters the anxieties related with a relative being hospitalized (Lewis et al, 1989). By including the family in a patient’s care system it can change the person’s point of view of their capacity to adapt, by offering a help arrange, and can help reduce the patient’s stress, yet the pressure of the family as well. The medical caretaker needs to comprehend what family intends to the patient. It probably won't be customary, for instance related by blood, or wedded. Understanding consideration ought to be arranged in view of the family, and families ought to be made mindful of what the consideration plan is. Along these lines they are better prepared to help the patient (Lewis et al, 1989).

Analysis And Recommendations Managing People Business Essay - Free Essay Example

According to the results operations management of both companies need to recognize the crucial role and importance of people management in the success of company. Recruitment process: Management of both companies need to bring some changes in recruitment process. They should advertise the jobs in other community newspapers because airport newspapers are mostly approachable to the people only working within the airport. This tends to create a trend of people moving from one company to another and reduces healthy competition. People with fresh ideas and talent remain behind due to lack of information. If the jobs are advertised externally then the firms would have a larger pool of talent to select the candidates and this would ultimately lead to increase in the quality of work. Time scale is very important factor in the recruitment process. From the primary research it is gathered that time scale is a negative aspect within the recruitment process of both companies. Management of both companies should consider this issue as a priority and need to take some bold steps to reduce the time period between the person applying for job and the person starting the wo rk. In AIS time period is between 4 to 5 months and in I-Sec time period is between 1 to 2 months. I-Sec Limited has hired an external company for reference check thats why their total recruitment process duration reduced. AIS Limited may also need to follow this approach to reduce their duration of recruitment. The management of AIS Limited needs to review their policy of interview. They should arrange the second interview with operational manager and duty manager as the selected candidate is expected to work closely with operational manager and duty manager. Training: Operations management of both companies are providing different courses to their employees to improve their skills but they still need to do more work in this area. Both companies are providing Level 1 Training to each staff member. Level 1 training is very basic training to enter in aviation security. It is basic necessity from DFT (Department of transport) to pass this exam with 85% marks. Management need to arrange the exam in a more strict fashion so only capable candidates are selected , secondly they should arrange refreshers course after every year for revision purposes and updated standards/laws so the employees are aware of the latest development within the industry, Management needs to understand the role of both types of training (on-job off-job) in the success of the company. Management should provide the staff on-job training for each post as they would be expected to undertake this role on their own. It is suggested that initially one experienced staff or super visor should work with them at least for a whole a day on one post. In this way new staff will gain the required confidence and perform the duty according to the requirements. Secondly management should send their staff on different seminars and lectures arranged by different organizations on the topic of aviation industry and security requirements or any topic related to aviation industry or security. It will improve their skills and capabilities which will be ultimately prove successful for the company. Motivation: Motivation is internal processes which direct behaviour (Naylor, 2002). Management should understand the importance of motivation if they aim to direct employees efforts towards recognizing the objectives and success of the company. Both companies need to develop a framework for motivation of the employees. It was noticed that key staff members were leaving AIS Limited because of lack of motivation. In I-Sec Limited, similar situation was observed however motivation was marginally better Company management need to introduce the culture of promotions, bonus and annual increments. They need to develop the environment of appreciation and recognition. Management should try to empower the employees which motivate the employees to achieve the company goals. Management should introduce rewards on individual performances and distribution of rewards should be fair. Leadership: Management of both companies must provide strong leadership if they are to succeed in long term. The lack of leadership is felt at a time when companies are in the process of adopting new procedures but are taking time to implement because managers have no direct communication channel with employees. Manager should be the combination of leader and administrator if companies are to succeed and achieve higher ranking within the industry. Unfortunately both companies have lot of managers but no leader. Leader should be a role model for followers so they can learn belief and admire. Leader can motivate the staff towards company objectives which and in some way this influences the performance of the organization. Biggest obstruction against the innovation in company is creating the interest and belief of people toward this change. Only good leadership can encourage the employees and satisfy them about their concerns. Job Design: Job design is about how we structure individuals jobs and the workplace or environment in which they work and their interface with the technology they use (Slack et al 2004). Management of both companies needs to consider and pay attention towards the relationship between employee and job during the process of design the job. They should consider these factors during this process. Job Rotation: Management of both companies needs to encourage and understand the concept and approach of job rotation. Moving the staff from one post to another is beneficial for both employee and the management. Job rotation of employees will increase skill flexibility which is useful for company in case of shortage of staff, management can overcome this problem because staff will be capable to work on other post when needed due to absence of the other staff and this in turn increases the worth of employee Job enlargement enrichment: Management should try to enlarge and enrich the job perfor med by a person. If one agent remains whole day at on one post then he/she is likely to be bored and inactive at that the position which will automatically affect the performance. Both companies management need to adopt the policy of job rotation and enrichment. Secondly management needs to give its staff the required authority and allow them to take decisions if any problem is faced. Taking this approach will help increase employees confidence and performance will improve which indirectly will improve the performance of the company. Organization culture: Organizational culture is the system of shared actions, values, and beliefs that develop within an organization and guide the behavior of its members (Hunt.J.G Osborn.R.N). Management of both companies needs to establish a friendly culture in the organizations. Management of both companies should create an open and flexible culture so sharing necessary information is easy. Communal culture would be better for both companies. This type of culture is a combination of both performance and friendship. People have good relations with each others, like and help each other but maintain their focus on their task and goal. This type of culture is suitable for success of company. Improve Team Effectiveness: Companies need to move forward by leaving away the concept of person-specific and by adopting the concept of team leadership. This concept should reflect in their planning, coordination, vision and utilization of resources by the leader. Additionally in their internal control system and in the procedure of work flow which deal in crises and provides high level of teamwork, output and communication. Companies need to understand and motivate the processes of team development. Secondly to ensure their structure, goals, vision and approach towards exceptional changes in combined objective and goal achievement. Companies need to accomplish best practice to describe organizational task and objectives. Operations Management of both companies need to recognize Strengths and weaknesses of individual team members. The needs of individual and provide this opportunity to the organization. The need of coaching in order to solve problems within the team and to increase their level of motivation, flexibility and develop new combinations of teams. Establish an infrastructure for Performance monitoring and continuous improvement. Decision making: Decision making processes are heart of management activity in business world thats why management needs to recognize its importance in the success of the company. In both companies the decisions are taken at upper level. Management need to take some steps for the success of company. Management should establish a decision making process. Manage a decision making team which include the members of all the departments. Before final decision, management should consider all the suggestions. Before implement the decision, management should take in confidence all the employees. Management needs to follow the different methods for decision making. 1): Break-even analysis 2): Preference matrix 3): Decision theory 4): Decision tree Management can take help from break-even analysis method to specify the alteration required in demand or volume earlier than second option become more enhanced for the company or organization instead of first one. Preference matrix hel ps the management in decision making process to deal with different options instead to access on a single measure of merit. Decision theory helps the management when the conclusions are indecisive to select the best choice. Decision tree method helps the management when there are relations between todays and tomorrows decisions and incidents means todays decision can be effected by any incident happen tomorrow in other words decisions are made in sequence. Employee involvement: Employee involvement in decision making process can play a crucial role in success of company. This can happen by transferring knowledge, information and power down towards lower level. It is the responsibility of management to design such infrastructure in which employee involvement and commitment to the organization can be developed. Companies should recognize the importance of this factor in the success and improvement in overall business. Suggestion schemes and quality circles are the two ways of achieving this aim. Suggestion schemes: Suggestion scheme will be fruitful approach to involve the employees in decision making process. Management need to introduce and establish suggestion schemes. The main aim of these schemes should to encourage employees to come up with their suggestions and ideas. Management need to consider these ideas and suggestions during their decision making process and planning for future carefully and also on a good and profitable suggestion should be rewarded. Quality circles: Management need to introduce groups around 8 or 10 people from different contracts and provide them opportunity to meet weekly for on hour where they can discuss and solve different problems which they are facing on daily basis rather than making suggestions and wait for others to consider . It is the responsibility of the management to provide training to these groups about new skills like problem investigation, how to work and behave in groups, how to solve problem and implement new ideas and how to develop innovation and creativity. Need to provide them powers to implement their solutions. Empowered supervisors: Supervisor is the leader of the team and should be able to anticipate and react positively towards problems and guide the staff in terms of approach and dedication to the job. For those purposes supervisor should be empowered and have authority to take decisions. Operations management of both companies need to empowered their supe rvisors in terms of decision making. Planning and control: Planning selects the direction and points the organization along the route; control ensures that the direction is maintained (Naylor, 2002). Operations Management of both companies needs to recognize the critical role of planning and control in the success of the company. Both companies need to do much work in this area. Both companies have different airlines contract on Heathrow airport related to security and customer services. Companies have to provide the security to the aircraft during the stay on Heathrow airport. Mostly airlines flights come with in gap of 30 Minutes or 1 hour and flights stay 2 to 3 hours on the ground. So both companies needed lot of staff at the same time to manage this situation. Most of the airlines always complain about mismanagement and short of staff. Management needed a lot of planning and control to over come this situation. Management required taking bold steps and developing a system for planning which provide the framework for control. Management should understand the concept of reconciliation of supply and demand in terms of timing, quality and volume. Management need to take some bold steps to improve the communication skills of their employee by arranging different courses or by sending their staff to different institutions for attending communication skills lectures. Within the recruitment process they should introduce some basic level of education requirement. Management needs to put an emphasis on the strategy and its implementation. Empowered the in-charges and produce good planners should be the part of strategy. Operations Management of both companies needs to understand the basic requirements before making a plan They should be clear about their goal or objectives. Make a list of actions. Investigate, prioritize and reduce Translate the list into a plan Monitoring and implementation of plan Analysis of plan on regularly basis Operations management needs to understand the reason behind a plan. Uncertain conditions become the basis to create a plan. In business environment these uncertain conditions are the part of it. The basic motive behind these plans is to identify the ambiguity and its different solutions. How to improve management control systems: Control system is essential for any company or organization to coordinate and control the activities of different departments, sections and divisions. Most control systems are inefficient or fail because they are past-action-oriented. Setting Performance standards: Management should set the performance standard with the input from the employees because ultimately their performance is the main goal to achieve and measured. Management should keep in mind that these standards should be achievable and acceptable to individuals because they have to accomplish. The targets can be difficult but should be in range of capabilities of employees. Because high standards de-motivate the staff and efforts towards the goal are not effective. Managers should also consider number of standards which are applicable because too many standards can cause confusion as the employees will not be able to give full attention. Measure and compare actual with planned results: After setting the standards the second important factor is to measure and compare actual with. The management should take into account the input from the employee for selection of person. In most cases employees do not think the person who is performing this duty is the best this could be due to variety of reasons such as trust, impartially and the overall knowledge. Evaluate results, give feedback and coach: Management needs to establish the results by forecasting and assessing the absentees, accidents and employee turnover which can be used as early warning, so company will be prepare for specific actions in advance but assessing should be compared carefully done against the competency. Management should be ready for deviation which can be in positive or negative. In case of negative deviation management needs to take proper action but in case of positive deviation management should give reward to the employees for that. Management should provide coaching to the employees in the framework of control system. Take corrective action: Management needs to take corrective action after receiving warnings in terms of forecasting or predictions even it changes the standards, plans, and goals. Management needs to consider the employees during the process of changing in goals, plans and standards because they are on front line and are most affected. The management needs to understand that planning control system will be successful until the corrective actions are taken. Work Quality measurement: Work measurement means to find out the time required to complete a job or task. Time factor has very important role in the success of any company. It is the responsibility of the management to monitor the time factor required for any specific job or task. Operations Management needs to Plan the work for the employee. Plan and decide the number of workers required to complete the certain job. Plan which job should be allocated to which employee or decide which employee is suitable for certain job. Manage a criterion to calculate the performance of the worker. Plan the incentive in terms of bonus on efficiency of the worker. Management need to set the standard time for a particular job which will be the time taken by an experienced worker not the time taken by certain individual. Management should establish work measurement system which helps in planning, controlling, improve performance and supervision, increase productivity and reduce labour cost. Managem ent should understand the objective of work measurement which is to calculate the work load in an operation in terms of requirement of time, number of workers and efficiency. Management needs to develop awareness about department for transport (DFT) and British airways authority (BAA) and their functions. Management needs to guide and prepare the staff to face these authorities when they came to check their quality of work. Rating: This method based on direct observation and is conversion process of observed time into the time taken by a qualified worker at standard level maintain by the company. Management needs to select proper trained staff for the supervision of this process and manage different courses on regularly basis to update their training. Allowances: Allowance means provide an additional time to the worker to recover from the fatigue during working a complete shift of 8 hours is called as allowance and its amount depend upon the environment in which worker is working and secondly job nature. The operations management needs to provide the allowance to the workers on daily basis on fixed time with fix inter. Management should not use this allowance as a compensation for unhealthy and unsafe environment of working.  Quality measurement: Management of both companies needs to understand the importance of quality factor and need to take bold steps to improve the quality of services which they are providing to their different clients. Management needs to promote the quality awareness in the employees as well as throughout the company. Management needs to introduce quality tools in the organization like run chart, histogram, cause and effect diagram, check sheetÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦..etc. Management should recognize that quality of services can affect the performance of organization in terms of productivity and loss of business. Management needs to develop a method of inspection means compare the quality with standard. Secondly need to define the inspection procedure of the company i.e. how much and how may times, at which level or locationÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦etc. Management needs to find the causes of poor quality and find out the ways to correct th e causes.

Revising Our Immigration Process - 1094 Words

Revising Our Immigration Process How would you feel if you and your family were denied the opportunity for a better life or had to wait years for one? There are immigrants whose goals are a better future for themselves and their families. Coming to the U.S. would help them achieve that goal. You may be thinking why can’t they have a good future where they live? In most cases, countries are not as privileged as the US; most countries have a poor economy, with not many outlets to a good education, or are in a time of war and upheaval. America has been able to advance so much throughout history with more and better technology, schools, medicine, job opportunities, etc. Some may say allowing more immigrants into the US may lead to giving terrorists more of an opportunity to let themselves in or how they will be taking away American jobs. Those are reasonable answers, although, the United States itself was built and strengthened by immigrants who came from their country here to fin d a better life for themselves, their families, and future generations. We as American citizens should allow these immigrants to become part of this nation. What if it were you and your family? Wouldn’t you want to help in your time of need? Therefore, congress should lessen qualifications, the period of time, and cost of the immigration process. Critics argue, that the main reason people are worried is because they fear their security with the possible increase of letting in terrorists. A mainShow MoreRelatedThe Family Left Behind By Elise Foley1325 Words   |  6 Pagesstructure as a whole first hand. The immigration laws that are in place in the United States are heavily flawed, and need considerable revising. Especially when it comes to deportees with children that are in the United States. This is a synopsis of the current deportation laws, according to FindLaw. An illegal immigrant can be deported for multiple reasons. Some specific examples of deportation violations are; †¢ Is an inadmissible alien according to immigration laws in effect at the time of entryRead MoreStratification And Inequality Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesQiong (Miranda) Wu I am a quantitative sociologist broadly interested in three areas: 1) stratification and inequality; 2) immigration and globalization, 3) work and labor markets. Specifically, I focus on examining how class structure and migration patterns contribute to social inequalities and labor market outcomes. Also, I work on the themes of immigration, work and occupations in the United States. I am particularly interested in examining these processes in the urban context. StratificationRead MoreA Report On New Zealand Essay829 Words   |  4 Pagesconstruction, centred in Auckland. These factors are all working to reduce the housing market imbalance. The overall view is that housing market pressures are easing gradually. This operational manual is designed to guide you to go through building process of residential dwellings in Auckland. The following overview outlines the typical steps in the building stages. And also, problems and trends of broad Auckland residential property market is discussed. 1.1 Two Acts to follow Every building projectRead MoreEssay On President Trump1220 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States, it is crucial to win their vote for the next presidential election due to Islam being one of the fastest growing religions. Therefore, we arranged our proposal into three steps that will last until the 2020 election to guarantee the support of the Muslim American community and ultimately lead to your second term in office. Our three main steps involve improving your rhetoric, addressing the Muslim ban, and implicating Islamic values to your presidential campaign. During the eighteen monthsRead MoreThe Immigration Of The United States2036 Words   |  9 Pagesnation of immigrants. Throughout American history, the numerous immigration waves have undeniably defined the infrastructure of America. By bringing a different set of views and innovative ideas, immigrants injected the economy and advanced technology through innovative work. However, the United States has not kept up its immigration policies with the changing times for the past three decades. Many people are blaming illegal immigration for the loss of â€Å"American† jobs and why many Americans cannotRead MorePopulation Growth And Its Impact On The Environment1677 Words   |  7 Pagesthe population continues to grow at rapid rates our planet, environment, civilization, and even humanity will suffer due to over consumption, pollution, and destruction causing depletion and possibly even extinction. Overpopulation of civilizations could lead to the depletion of fresh water, other natural resources, food supplies, and even habitations. Humanity as a whole make choices regarding housing, food, water, and even clothes that impact our biospheres. Population growth is based on manyRead More United States Immigration and Economic Policy after September 112986 Words   |  12 Pagesterrorists had been in and out of the country more than once and many had taken several flights each prior to the attack. Most of the terrorists had arrived in the US legally, taking advantage not just of loose security measures, but of lax immigration policies.i Since the attacks there have been various cases of anthrax contaminated letters. The person or persons behind the anthrax attacks have not been identified. Despite this, some evidence points to a foreign government as an original manufacturerRead MoreA Historical Analysis Of The Immigration Policy3994 Words   |  16 PagesRunning head: IMMIGRATION POLICY 1 IMMIGRATION POLICY 2 A Historical Analysis of Immigration Policy Calli N. Morrison Constance R. Tullis School of Social Work University of Little Rock Author Note Calli N. Morrison and Constance R. Tullis are students at the School of Social Work at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Correspondence should be addressed to Calli N. Morrison and Constance R. Tullis, School of Social Work, Ross Hall, University of Arkansas at Little Rock,Read MoreBorder Children And Un Interventions3180 Words   |  13 Pagesbecause children are brought here through smugglers are many of there are ill. However, the voices where divided to those who believe it s an immigration problem and those think it s a humanitarian crisis. However this struggle can be both, a political struggle and a humanity problem. I am very interested in the issue because of the long history of immigration policies changes in United States. I also did many researches about the United Nation’s (UN) role in reaction to human rights and other Non-GovernmentalRead MoreEssay on Promoting Literacy Development Through Writing4289 Words   |  18 Pagesshe had made. Genesis is very affable and she is confident in social situations, yet lacks self-confidence in academic settings. For this reason, I want to in clude several opportunities for her to do some peer coaching and partner activities when revising for voice and to add figurative language in her writing. I also want to plan instruction that will sustain her interest My teaching takes place in a large classroom with 15 students in my fifth grade class. All of my children are struggling readers

Bitterness Poetry and World - 1016 Words

In the past and present, there have been numerous poets who have composed similar pieces to those of other poets. In 1859, Emily Dickinson produced Success is counted sweetest. In1923, Robert Frost wrote Fire and Ice. That same year, Wallace Stevens created Gubbinal. These three poems share much in common. They contain many of the same elements of poetry, such as connotative meaning, imagery, symbolism, and tone. First, the three famous poems all possess a connotative meaning . Within the poem Gubbinal, Stevens wrote, The world is ugly. In the quotation, the word ugly isnt merely used to describe what the world looks like. It has a deeper meaning. Ugly represents the evil and corruption of the world. In Fire and Ice,†¦show more content†¦Line three is the first example. It states, to Comprehend the nectar. The nectar represents the value of success. Nectar is considered a satisfying, luscious drink and success can be defined as gratifying and desirable. The second illustration of symbolism is evident in lines six and seven. Dickinson wrote, the purple host, /who took the flag today. In this poem, purple isnt used as a color. It is used to symbolize the quality of successful people. Purple is considered the arrogant, conceited color. People who are always successful are like the color purple. They are overconfident and stuck up. They take things for granted and are unaware of the true value of their own success. Finally, these three poems all contain one common tone, bitterness. Wallace Stevens shows his bitterness towards the people on earth, in his poem, Gubbinal. He blames the people for corrupting the world. He says it is ugly in line four. He even goes so far as to compare the sun, which is beautiful and perfect, to the world. The sun is beautiful bec ause it has no humans to destroy it. Wallace Stevens emphasizes his feeling about the world, when he repeats, The world is ugly,/And the people are sad, at the end of the poem. This shows that he strongly believes the world is corrupt and the people are evil. In the poem, Fire and Ice, Robert Frost also shows his bitterness towards the people in the world. He feels either our desires or our hate willShow MoreRelatedStudy on the Poetry of the World War One Era652 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The poetry of the World War One era reflects the pain and suffering endured by soldiers, as well as the disillusionment of war. Some of the eras most prolific soldier-poets addressed war frankly and with graphic imagery. For example, Wilfred Owens Dulce et Decorum Est starts with the lines, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, The prevailing poetic trends were not to shy away from vivid detail but rather, to paint pictures forRead More Dorothy Parker Essays922 Words   |  4 Pagesthe first world war with her light verse and short stories. 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Sir Philip Sidney, famou s for his direct and forceful simplicity, is able to put so much emotional depth and truth in all of his poetry (Spencer). In â€Å"Thou Blind Man’s Mark,† he gives a twist to the understandings of desire. Sidney does this by showing the dark side of desire and the effect on people’s lives. The speaker’sRead MoreWwi Essay : World Literature1663 Words   |  7 PagesDixin Ding Ms. Solder World Literature Period 4 12 February 2017 WWI Synthesis Essay â€Å"Love is like war...easy to start, difficult to end, and impossible to forget† (Unknown). With a half century of peace among nations, people were deemed unfit to comprehend the devastating reality behind war. With recent campaigns being brief and victorious, individuals believed this war would be nothing short of the same. Hence, the buzz surrounding the beginning of the war was undeniable, from the

English Skills Assessment free essay sample

At entrance to the teaching centre’s Elementary courses, learners are expected to have a basic repertoire of English, with knowledge of simple expressions and lexis. Although grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing and speaking are considered at placement tests, no formal listening evaluation is carried out to measure the extent to which students are able to perform tasks in competency-based listening. Recognition of a learner’s understanding is usually subjectively determined via brief interviews in the speaking test. 2. The Development Process 2. 1. Overview Formal listening tests have been largely ignored not only in British Council Sharjah’s placement tests but also in continuous assessment, which tends to favour productive skills. Consequently, students have quite often found themselves misplaced and unable to cope with various listening situations in the classroom. As such, this test aims to confirm if candidates are indeed appropriately placed within the CEF A1 level strata and will serve to inform teachers of what the scores indicate, what learners can do and what they need to learn in relation to the course aims. We will write a custom essay sample on English Skills Assessment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page . 2. Key issues and decisions Before drawing up the test, several factors had to be considered. One challenge is to break away from the â€Å"integrative socio-linguistic trend† that British Council Sharjah adopts in its cursory and undetailed nature of listening assessment and yet capture tasks that are as close to realistic situations as possible. The problem with this is, as Buck says, â€Å"no test task is completely authentic, however genuine the text, simply because it is a test and not a real-world communication. I find that authenticity is extremely difficult to achieve at CEF A1 level, so texts and tasks had to be amply graded to attempt to successfully meet this objective. 3. Specification 3. 1 Design Statement PurposeTo diagnose the level of students by: †¢assessing their listening comprehension skills †¢measuring their lexis knowledge in contextual sentences †¢evaluating their success in processing spoken discourse and extracting specific information Intended PopulationCandidates are adults from the age of 16 above and a mix of both male and f emale students. Participants’ native languages vary but a majority are Arabic speakers. Intended decisions/StakesLow stakes test. The aims are: †¢to test comprehension of key lexis and phrases †¢to test ability to understand simple instructions †¢to test awareness of important information Response formatMatching, Gapfill, Diagram marking Number of ExaminersTwo teachers in the role of invigilators Number of Candidates22 Number of tasks4 tasks, 30 items Order of tasksLogical sequence Section 1: Match sentence description to picture number (16 items) – single utterance, 1 speaker Section 2: Listen to instructions and identify a place on a map (1 item) – single utterance, 1 speaker Section3: Distinguish correct information (5 items) – short dialogue, 2 speakers Section 4: Listen and write down information (8 items) – short dialogue, 2 speakers Weighting of tasksAll items are given equal weighting with a score of 1 for each correct response, 0 for incorrect Rating Scale typeAnalytic scoring Reporting typeSingle and profile scoring Assumptions regarding the test population

Why The Homeless Must Vote Essays - Homelessness, Humanitarian Aid

Why the Homeless Must Vote You held out your hand and said you needed helping. They gave you a pathetic look and kept on stepping. The acrid rain came down and it soaked up into your shoes. You thought you had pneumonia, but it was the homeless blues. You had not voted when you had a home. You had not voted when you had a job. You did not vote when domestic violence was not a problem. You did not vote when the house was not on fire. And surely you did not vote when you were out of your head on drugs and alcohol. Would you be concerned, and would anything have been different if you had been a registered voter, and had voted? When you heard someone say, it can happen to any one of use, would you have thought that they could have been talking about your future? For a multitude of reasons, both legitimate and illegitimate, any one of us can again become homeless. With that concern in mind, the issues and positions of the homeless should be more immediate in the need for your attention. That concern should dictate that you not take for granted the duties of a citizen, and not have to rely on the kindness of strangers, nor be dependent on those who perhaps did vote. To vote is to use the greatest weapon a citizen has at his disposal in a democracy. To vote is to fight that corner of apathy in our communities, our institutions, in our homes and in the homes that we once had. To register to vote, and vote, by homeless people is a tool that was not always afforded the indigent, and some of the harsh realities of needing certain kinds of assistance is profoundly significant, in that you are in the eye of the storm at the moment, you can see with clarity the needs. And in the aftermath of the storm you will have a perspective of the legislation and the legislators who understand your plight now, and the same concerns of those who may need services after you. The homeless need to align themselves with those who have an interest in the homeless at heart, and vote accordingly. To not register to vote, and to not vote does a great disservice to those who have died getting and defending the right of homeless people to vote and truly take their rightful place in the affairs of those who have homes. Bibliography nothing to cite ....personal essay